Imaging modalities such as MRI and Ultrasound (US) can provide this important information. MRI, with a wide field of view is more useful in the assessment of deep-lying nerves (i.e intrapelvic location), while US has a higher spatial resolution for superficial nerves.
US can be performed at the bedside of the patient and an experienced operator can quickly explore extended anatomical areas (ie the entire course of a peripheral nerve from the neck to the fingers) and compare with the other side, using dynamic manoeuvres to detect pathology with high sensitivity. Ultrasound was found to modify the diagnosis and therapy in a significant percentage of patients with nerve trauma.
Importantly, latest technology has progressed with high frequency probes and increased spatial resolution giving the opportunity to trained practitioners to scan quickly and efficiently even the smallest branches of peripheral nerves and not only contribute significantly to an accurate diagnosis but also provide guidance for interventional procedures or surgery.
